With Most Theories, There Are Shortcomings Which Need To

With most theories, there are shortcomings which need to be addressed to make sure that the theory is adequately representative of the topic which it is addressing. In the case of functionalism, it can be said that for all its shortcomings it is adequately supported by Action theory. It is the critiques of functionalism and how action theory has dealt with these critiques that will be discussed in this essay. Functionalism is the understanding that society should be understood as a series of interdependent parts but within the functional prerequisites that must be met. Action theory ‘views social life from the point of view of individual actors engaged in social processes’ (Josephides, 2017) and aims to deal with the deficiencies of†¦show more content†¦Merton’s ideas are often compared to Parson’s as it was Parson’s ideas of action theory that broadened Merton’s own appreciation of the flaws of functionalism. â€Å"although much imp ressed by Parsons as a master-builder of sociological theory, I found myself departing from his mode of theorizing (as well as his mode of exposition)† (Calhou, 2003.) It is the idea of functionalism as outdated that is discussed by Robert Merton in his collection of essays Social theory and Social structures in 1949. This, being the most severe of the critiques of functionalism leads us to see how the next critique has also come about. â€Å"just as the same item may have multiple functions, so may the same function be diversely fulfilled by alternative items† (Merton 1948/1968, 87–88). Merton also critiques functionalism stating that it is an ahistorical practice that has completely ignored the ideas of colonialism, a topic that we will delve deeper into when assessing the ethnographies that were initially used to create the theory of functionalism. He also states that behaviour is not voluntary it is constrained by social structures of class and social institu tions creating a further limiting factor. Merton believes that some societies that are non-literate also have high levels of integration showing howShow MoreRelatedCharles Darwin s Theory Of Natural Selection1408 Words   |  6 Pagesoffspring benefit in result of the heritable genes and eventually through generations, the variants will be spread throughout the entire population (Montgomery, 2009). Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection can be supported through both fossils and homologous structures. A technique that supports Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection is fossils. A fossil is the remnant or imprint of a previous animal embedded in rock and preserved in petrified form (J, Castro, 2013). Fossils are used and areRead MoreBehaviour Management Essay1653 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will compare and contrast two theories of behaviour management by Carl Rogers and BF Skinner and argue ways in which one of these theories could be implemented for a particular context and practice. Roger’s theory is based on a humanistic approach, while Skinner’s theory takes a behaviourist approach; each theory has both benefits and shortcomings. Their views form opposite ends of the learning spectrum. These theories will be examined as their respective works address the underlying issueRead MoreStrategic Management Of Health Care Organization1583 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal strategic plan makes a roadmap of activity for the following year – giving a pr emise for choice making and norms by which to live. 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I will argue that Friedman is right in saying, Â… voluntary exchange is a necessary condition for both prosperity and freedom but that there are shortcomings in his theory. Voluntary exchange is defined as a trade of something which is done with both persons consent. For instance a problem with the theory Milton Friedman expresses through voluntary exchangeRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1741 Words   |  7 Pagestwo theories: The Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Herzberg’s. The Maslow’s hierarchy of needs include five levels, and at the certain extent, reflect the rule of human s activities on psychological and behavior. Herzberg’ describe the more details of worker agree or disagree about working. In this essay, more related knowledge details and effects will de described, then, analysis the two theories individua l, choose a better one. II. 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The Basic Concept Of Organic Farming - 1368 Words

PART A: The basic concept for organic farming is simple: allow nature to follow its natural path and achieve a natural state to develop sustainable and harmonious enterprises with the environment and community. Organic production is a holistic method of production that involves more than choosing not to use synthetic pesticides, fertilisers, genetically modified organisms (GM) on crops, and growth hormones in livestock. Organic farming is a viable alternative production method to optimise the agro-ecosystem, but there are many challenges. Government regulations standardise organic products in which NASAA Organic Standard (National Association for Sustainable Agriculture Australia) oversees. NASAA’s standards for agricultural products represent organic import, export, and the federal ‘certified organic’ logo. This labelling must by certified by qualified producers and meet guidelines such as containing at least 95% organic ingredients to legally allow retailing. Organic production must also meet other federal (national) regulations set by FSANZ (Food Standards Australia and New Zealand) and AQIS (Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service). Not only farmers, but those they work with must abide to organic methods and practices and this makes the process more labor and management intensive. Organic certification is however costly with organic certification fees varying at a rate of $500 - $1000 per farm. This agricultural economics is a common reason farmers choose not toShow MoreRelated Saving American Agriculture Essay982 Words   |  4 Pagesand large-scale crop production. â€Å"Many conceived of farming as a rewarding life . . . and a source of moral virtue† (Mariola, 2005). While presently, many view farming as purely economic in purpose. It has been stated that farming in America is decreasing more quickly than any other occupation. Yet, population increases steadily, making agriculture all the more essential. 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Food and nutrition free essay sample

Food is any substance normally eaten or drunk by living things. The term food also includes liquid drinks. Food is the main source of energy and of nutrition for animals, and is usually of animal or plant origin. There are 4 (four) basic food energy sources: fats, proteins, carbohydrates and alcohol. Historical development Humans are omnivorous animals that can consume both plant and animal products. We changed from gatherers to hunter gatherers. After the experience of the Ice Age t is probable that humans wanted to create some feeling of security by controlling what plants were growing and which animals were available. This led to agriculture, which has continually improved and altered the way in which food is obtained. In order to understand how we can enjoy greater health and wellbeing, we need to understand something about food. There are four essential groups of food. For health and wellbeing we require food from all the groups. The purpose of this page is to stress that ALL four groups of food are essential to health and wellbeing. Even hough we may be encouraged to eat less fat, this page stresses that the body requires at least some food from each of the groups every day. Many foods contain more than one group of food, and milk contains all groups of food. Food is often classified as: 1. Carbohydrate, including Fibre 2. Protein 3. Fat 4. Vitamins and Minerals Carbohydrates are substances that contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. They are used in the body to produce energy. They include sugars and starches. Carbohydrates are usually obtained from plant sources. They are broken down in the body to form glucose, and any that is not immediately required in stored in the liver nd muscles as glycogen. Plants use carbohydrates to build structures and store any excess as starch, whereas, animals use protein. to build structures and store any excess as fat. Plants make carbohydrates from sunlight, water, chlorophyll, and carbon dioxide. We obtain them from plants, for example: cereals starchy roots legumes (pulses) vegetables and Fruits sugars, preserves and syrups Carbohydrates are mainly used by the body to produce energy. Where there is a lack of energy, we might think of carbohydrates. The energy in the body is used for: External activities (behavior), such as work, sport, leisure that is any movement of he body. Internal activities including breathing, pumping blood, digestion and the activities of the immune system. None-digestible carbohydrate (Fibre) Fibre, or roughage, refers to the non-digestible carbohydrates in vegetables and to a lesser extent in fruit. Fibre may actually be fibrous, as in celery, or may be a powder, or, when mixed with water in the intestines, a Jelly. Fibre provides: Bulk Lubrication, and Nutrition for friendly bacteria in the colon. When fibre is combined with water, it swells up and provides bulk to the digestive system. This makes it easier for food to pass through the intestines. Food also passes through the digestive system faster, so that waste products are retained for less time in the body. Some fibre has the effect of lubricating the contents of the intestines and, therefore, makes the food pass through easily and in a timely manner. The benefits here are the same as for bulk. In addition, friendly bacteria in the colon feed on fibre and they are therefore nourished by it. By helping these friendly bacteria, we enable them to help us to digest food. Also, by giving them support, they are more able to exclude other, less friendly bacteria, from our colons. Fibre is, therefore, ecessary for a healthy and efficient digestive system. Proteins Proteins are composed, like carbohydrates, of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen, but with nitrogen. They may also contain sulphur and phosphorus. They are complex molecules composed of amino acids. Proteins are used by the body to: Enable growth, development and repair. Build structures such as muscles, tissues and organs, including the heart, lungs, digestive organs. Enzymes, such as those required for digestion. Hormones, such as those for the endocrine glands. Proteins, therefore, are needed not only for obvious body structures, such as muscles, ut also for the immune and digestive systems, etc. Complete proteins are obtained from meat, fish and dairy products including eggs. Proteins can also be obtained from certain combinations of foods, for example, cereals and beans. Fats and oils Fats are substances that are not soluble in water. They are composed of fatty acids and glycerol. Fats are also called lipids. Sources of fat include animal meat, fish, and vegetable oils. Fats are used by the body: In every cell structure. Especially to build nerves and brain. The brain is 40% fat. To insulate the body. To produce sex hormones and adrenal cortex hormone To produce cholesterol (essential for cell membranes and bile salts, for example). To absorb certain vitamins (A, D, E, and K). To store energy. Fats have got themselves a bad name in recent times, yet they are an essential food. That is, the body requires its intake of fat every day for health and, especially, well being. Like the other groups of food, when the body does not get the fat it needs, then illness results. Vitamins and Minerals Vitamins are substances that are required in the diet for health and wellbeing. They are often grouped as fat-soluble or water-soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins are vitamins A, D, E and K. Water-soluble vitamins include vitamins C and B. Minerals are non- organic substances that are required in the diet. While only small amounts of minerals are required in our diet, they are critical in building bones and teeth, regulating heartbeat and transporting oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. Vitamins and minerals occur in a variety of foods. That is, by eating a variety of foods, you can get the necessary vitamins and minerals you need for health. Deficiencies and excesses in any of these groups of foods produce illness and owered wellbeing. Western diets are especially deficient in the minerals calcium and iron and in the Omega 3 fatty acids. Calcium is obtained from, for example, milk and from eating canned salmon including the bones (salmon also contains Omega 3 fatty acids). Iron is often obtained from meat, especially liver. Lacto-vegeterians can get their calcium from milk, and vegans (who do not eat any animal products) can get their calcium from fortified soy milk. To obtain your calcium requirements from non- animal sources, you would have to eat a very large amount of vegetables or fruits.

Research essay free essay sample

Revealing ,snitch, betraying and The effects of guilt With our popular cultures obsession with serial killers, this story would make a great film as it deals with the contemporary fear of merciless psychopathic killers.Edgar Allen Poe was born was born to David and Eliza Poe on January 19, 1809. In 1810, Poes father abandoned his family and shortly after, Poes mother died of tuberculosis. Poe was orphaned to the john Allan, where he then adopted the name Allan. The Tell-Tale Heart is a short story written by him, first published in 1843. The story is all about the perfect murder committed by the narrator which he finally admitted . The narrator of the story is confessing of murder of an old man, whom he was caring as a care taker. Through the whole story the narrator trying to show he is not mad though people think of him. The narrator is trying to say that he is not mad because whatever he did was fully planned and mad person cannot make a plan. We will write a custom essay sample on Research essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The narrator begins his tale by saying why he committed the murder. The reason was only the narrator terrified from the old mans pale blue eyes, they looks like a vulture. He explains how up to 7 days he watched him carefully and the 8th day he killed him. When the policemen arrived the narrator try to behave normal and very polite with them. But at the last his guilt makes him to confess about the crime that he committed.The story indicates the narrator as the main character in the story, POE The tell-tale heart is a story about murder and confess. There are a lot of meaning that are hidden on this story. The story is all about how he killed the old man. The old men who never heart him they never any conflict between them before In fact, the narrator loves the old man but he killed the old man just because of the eyes. The story indicates the narrator as the main character and all over the story he looks afraid of want he did and try to escape from the crime. Poe mostly insisted to write the story about Mystery and crime its may be because of his family background and status . Even his death was mysterious nobody know the reason how he died. The story is somehow looks like split of frustration and get over it. But nobody can be stay happy and calm after making a mistake thats what the narrator in this story confess his crime at the end. Such kind of story if we can see from our social kind of view are strength behavior because the story tells from a psychopathic point of view. There can be another prospective of writing the story that he wants to express his ignorance and guilt towards the society and the median was the narrator in this story.In the article by Magdalen wing chi Ki, which pertains to the tell tale heart and other works by Edgar Allen Poe, he describes how Poe uses the ego evil in his stories as well as the super evil. This is how explained in the story where the narrator become selfish and just of his own safety he decided to take a life of the old man. (jkauffman.qwriting.qc.cuny.edu/magdalen-wing-chi-kis-analysis-of-the-tell-tale-heart)The sound that he herd in the story was not from the old mans beating heart, it was just the narrators imagination in his head. In fact the sound represents the narrators guilt from inside and he was regretting for his crime. In the article : POE,THE DAGUERREOTYPE, AND THE AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL ACT by Hayes, Kevin J. Examines author Edgar Allan Poes understanding about the relationship between writing and personal image. Poes ideal magazine; Importance of illustrations to literary biography; Poes thoughts on daguerreotype and engraved portrait. (An Interdisciplinary Quarterly;Summer2002, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p477)In an article by Paul Witherington, Witherington states that He believes that there is an accomplice to the narrator in his murder of the old man. Witherington mentions in his article that the reason there could be an accomplice is due to the way that the narrator is telling the story. (Witherington, Paul. The Accomplice in The Tell-Tale Heart.' Studies in Short Fiction. Fall 1985: 471-476. Ebscohost. Web. 18 December 2011.)In conclusion,

Data Cleaning for Data Analysis in Sociology

Data Cleaning for Data Analysis in Sociology Data cleaning is a crucial part of data analysis, particularly when you collect your own quantitative data. After you collect the data, you must enter it into a computer program such as SAS, SPSS, or Excel. During this process, whether it is done by hand or a computer scanner does it, there will be errors. No matter how carefully the data has been entered, errors are inevitable. This could mean incorrect coding, incorrect reading of written codes, incorrect sensing of blackened marks, missing data, and so on. Data cleaning is the process of detecting and correcting these coding errors. There are two types of data cleaning that needs to be performed to data sets. They are possible code cleaning and contingency cleaning. Both are crucial to the data analysis process because if ignored, you will almost always produce misleading research finding. Possible-Code Cleaning Any given variable will have a specified set of answer choices and codes to match each answer choice. For example, the variable gender will have three answer choices and codes for each: 1 for male, 2 for female, and 0 for no answer. If you have a respondent coded as 6 for this variable, it is clear that an error has been made since that is not a possible answer code. Possible-code cleaning is the process of checking to see that only the codes assigned to the answer choices for each question (possible codes) appear in the data file. Some computer programs and statistical software packages available for data entry check for these types of errors as the data is being entered. Here, the user defines the possible codes for each question before the data is entered. Then, if a number outside of the pre-defined possibilities is entered, an error message appears. For example, if the user tried to enter a 6 for gender, the computer might beep and refuse the code. Other computer programs are designed to test for illegitimate codes in completed data files. That is, if they were not checked during the data entry process as just described, there are ways to check the files for coding errors after data entry is complete. If you are not using a computer program that checks for coding errors during the data entry process, you can locate some errors simply by examining the distribution of responses to each item in the data set. For example, you could generate a frequency table for the variable gender and here you would see the number 6 that was mis-entered. You could then search for that entry in the data file and correct it. Contingency Cleaning The second type of data cleaning is called contingency cleaning and is a little more complicated than possible-code cleaning. The logical structure of the data may place certain limits on the responses of certain respondents or on certain variables. Contingency cleaning is the process of checking that only those cases that should have data on a particular variable do in fact have such data. For example, let’s say that you have a questionnaire in which you ask respondents how many times they have been pregnant. All female respondents should have a response coded in the data. Males, however, should either be left blank or should have a special code for failing to answer. If any males in the data are coded as having 3 pregnancies, for example, you know there is an error and it needs to be corrected. References Babbie, E. (2001). The Practice of Social Research: 9th Edition. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Thomson.

Julian the Apostate and Fall of Paganism

Julian the Apostate and Fall of Paganism When the Roman Emperor Julian (Flavius Claudius Julianus) came to power, Christianity was less popular than polytheism, but when Julian, a pagan (in contemporary usage) known as the Apostate, was killed in battle, it was the end of Roman official acceptance of polytheism. Although paganism was popular, Julians practice was more ascetic than normal pagan practices, which may be why paganism failed when the Apostate reinstated it. From  Gore Vidals  Julian: Julian has always been something of an underground hero in Europe. His attempt to stop Christianity and revive Hellenism exerts still a romantic appeal. When the Roman emperor Julian the Apostate, died in Persia, his supporters failed to maintain support for paganism as the official state religion. It wasnt called paganism at the time, but was known as Hellenism and is sometimes referred to Hellenistic paganism. Instead of the ancient religion returning to the Roman Empire, the popular Emperor Constantines Christianity re-emerged as the dominant one. This seems odd since Christianity wasnt as popular among the people as Hellenism, so scholars have searched Julians life and administration for clues to why the apostasy (which means the standing away from [Christianity]) failed. Julian (born A.D. 332), the nephew of the first Christian emperor, Constantine, was trained as a Christian, yet he is known as an apostate because when he became emperor (A.D. 360) he opposed Christianity. In The Demise of Paganism, James J. ODonnell suggests that the emperors particularly vehement stance against Christianity (and support for the other monotheistic religion, Judaism) stems from his Christian upbringing. Julians Intolerance Although any such generalization is hazardous, pagans of the time generally held religion to be a private matter, while Christians behaved strangely in trying to convert others to their faith. They claimed that Salvation made possible through Jesus was the only true belief. In the wake of the Nicene Council, Christian leaders condemned all who failed to believe in the prescribed manner. To be a pagan in the old tradition, Julian should have let everyone worship as he or she wished. Instead of letting each person worship in his own way, Julian stripped the Christians of their privileges, powers, and rights. And he did so from their own perspective: the intolerant attitude that ones private religion is of public concern. From The Demise of Paganism: In summary, it is necessary to look upon the religious sociology of the fourth century with two separate (if often, and confusingly, overlapping) distinctions in mind: that between worshippers of Christ and worshippers of other gods; and that between men who could accept a plurality of worships and those who insisted on the validity of a single form of religious experience to the exclusion of all others. Julians Elitism Other writers say the failure of Julian to reintegrate Hellenistic paganism into the framework of Roman society came from his inability to make it popular and his insistence that true understanding is impossible to the average mortal, but is reserved for philosophers. Another important factor was that the Christian creeds were far more unified than paganism. Paganism wasnt a single religion and adherents to different gods did not necessarily support each other.   The panoply of religious experience in the Roman world before Constantine was simply bewildering: from back-yard fertility rites through public, state-supported cults to the mystical ascents of which Platonic philosophers wrote with such devotion- and everything between, over, under, and all around such phenomena. There were public cults indigenous to the various parts of the empire, certain generally (if often lukewarmly) accepted devotions such as that to the divinity of the emperors, and a vast array of private enthusiasms. That such a spectrum of religious experiences should produce a single-minded population capable of forming itself into a single pagan movement with which Christianity could struggle is simply not probable. Lack of a Powerful Pagan Successor to Julian In 363, when Julian died, he was succeeded by Jovian, a Christian, at least nominally, instead of the obvious choice, Julians praetorian prefect, the moderate polytheist, Saturninius Secundus Salutius. Secundus Salutius didnt want the job even though it meant continuing Julians mission. Paganism was diverse and tolerant of this diversity. Secundus Salutius didnt share the late emperors parochial attitudes or specific beliefs. No other pagan emperor came to power before the Roman state outlawed pagan practices. Even so 1,700 years later, we continue to be predominantly a Christian society in terms of our beliefs, it may have been the pagan attitude of religious tolerance that prevailed. Sources and Further References Ch.23, Part I of Gibbons The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.Julians Pagan Revival and the Decline of Blood Sacrifice, by Scott Bradbury;  Phoenix Vol. 49, No. 4 (Winter, 1995), pp. 331-356.

ACCOUNTING FOR STRATEGIC & MANAGEMENT CONTROL Essay

ACCOUNTING FOR STRATEGIC & MANAGEMENT CONTROL - Essay Example There are numerous problems that face the BH Ltd in the control systems. To begin with the audits are not done effectively. There is need for the independent auditors to work on the BH Ltd accounts. The accounts are oftenly collected and sent to the Ave Co Plc.The company also experiences problems with the capital budgeting and the performance appraised on budgeting. (anonymous, 2008).The finance functions have also contributed to the disappointing results. The finance department has little interaction with either the individual or the regional managers. There is also a problem in the performance measurement systems. The key performance indicators are not effectively applied. According to Grahamme Steven, vital data from the organization must be obtained to produce the good results. There are however limitations of the data access due to the confidentiality by the managers who have chosen not to work with the headquarters. As we all understand our company acquired BH Ltd 4 years ago. It has been performing well and it has been a place where many people desired to go. However after the restructuring there has been a series of problems and disappointing performance. Shareholders and the customers have been on the watch over the performance of the company.Ordinarily, shareholders must have confidence in the published accounts so as to make the reliable investment decisions. The reduced ROI has been their point of concern as most of them threaten to quite the organization. The hotel occupancy rate has been rising at a slow rate. However there has been a question why the company is not performing well. I. Control systems. The control systems are generally weak giving a leeway to disappointing results. The company has been producing monthly management accounts to the headquarters. The accounts have revealed a reduced ROI yet there have been increased profits recorded. The accounts were made in dependency and secrets. There was therefore no transparency while

ARE PEOPLE BORN INTO POVERTY MORE LIKELY TO REMAIN IN POVERTY Research Proposal

ARE PEOPLE BORN INTO POVERTY MORE LIKELY TO REMAIN IN POVERTY - Research Proposal Example Despite significant progress being realized in these practices, it is observed that people born poor are more likely to remain in poverty. Thesis: people born in poor families are more likely to remain in poverty Research Questions a) What causes poverty? b) What is the government doing in eradicating poverty? c) Why are poor people more likely to remain poor? Literature review Overpopulation has been considered as one of the main causes of poverty among various individuals across the globe. This is argued from the fact that natural resources, which are the basic factors of production do not expand , while the population grows at an alarming rate. This makes it impossible for the resources to effectively meet the needs for the population; thus, some are deprived access, which make them poor. Poor people usually lack sufficient information on reproduction and family planning. This makes them reproduce at higher rate that the wealthy. This puts strain on the resources at their disposal , making it hard for them to improve their lives. In this regard, governments have implemented various strategies such as providing family planning medication and education to the poor in a bid to counter overpopulation. In some countries such as china, there are regulations on the number of children one can bear, and failure to adhere to the law leads to prosecution. The distribution of resources affects the poverty levels of various persons across the globe; in developed countries, resource distribution among the citizens is fair, while in developing and underdeveloped countries, resource distribution is skewed towards the rich (Cullen, 2010). Though much has been done, in developing countries, to improve the distribution of resources, success levels have been low due to lack of sufficient knowledge. In developing countries, factors such as poor governance manifested through corruption makes the resources available to the wealthy and powerful. This therefore deprives the poor a ch ance to improve their lives and thus there is a high possibility of them living poor for their entire lives. In a bid to ensure that the lives of the poor are enhanced, various strategies to fight corruption have been made by various governments across the globe. Education is an important tool in the realization of the anticipated person or institutional goals. Proper education ensures that individuals are able to interact well with other persons irrespective of the cultural or religious backgrounds. Interaction with various persons may open avenues to better future to an individual (Phan, Hayden & Harman, 2010). Though education, one may get a better job, which will help a great deal in improving his/her life as well as that of those around him. To get better education, one has to study at best institution. This is only available to the rich as they are able to cater for the fees as well as other costs associated with studying. The poor have less capacity to attend such institution s and thus study in low –standard institutions. In extreme cases, they do not study, as they have to look for money to meet their basic needs. In such cases, they are not informed of developments made by the country and usually make bad decision, and this makes them unable to get out of poverty. In a bid to ensure that a higher percentage of the population is educated, some government governments have implemented free education and loans to finance studying

Users of financial information and their informational needs Essay Example for Free

Users of financial information and their informational needs Essay Users of accounting information are either internal or external to the organization. These users need information to help them make informed or reliable decisions or judgements with regards to the organization. Different groups have different demands for the financial information contained in a set of accounts. Information needs of internal users These include; Management; This category is made up of the senior employees who run the organization on a day- to- day basis. They are interested in information such as, Finance of the organization (working capital) The growth prospects (value of shares and dividends) Employees ; This is the group of workers in the organization made up of existing potential and past employees. The members of this group are concerned with job security and future prospects. Therefore, they need information to assess the company’s profitability, liquidity and growth prospects. Employees need information about The financial state of the organization ( for their salaries) The growth and stability of the organization ( new investments ) to ensure continuity of employment. Profitability. Others are informational needs of external users including Customers; Those who buy from the organization either for cash or on credit are interested in; The profitability The growth and stability ( new product lines) Customers will also need information or price so they can assess whether the company is overcharging them or not. General public; This group includes the taxpayers, the consumer, social groups such as environmental societies and pressure groups such as the media organizations. Each individual group informational needs depend on its own particular interests. They require information on; Annual Reports (including financial statements) social costs to ascertain the effects and influence of operations on the society and the environment. Governments; This group includes all government or government linked authorities such as tax authorities ( internal revenue service ) local authorities and the department of Trade and Industries. The investment regulatory body are also included in this group. This group requires information to assess whether companies have complied with the relevant legislation and also to generate statistical measures to help them to assess and form macroeconomic policies. They require information such as; Financial statements Payroll summaries Income tax deductions and social security contributions.

Should We Continue To Commemorate Wars? :: essays research papers

Should we continue to commemorate wars? Discuss with reference to specific examples. Throughout the course of this essay I will be discussing whether or not we should continue to commemorate wars, I will be mainly referring to Armistice Day and Remembrance Sunday as my examples because these are the biggest commemorations for any of the wars in British history. Among all of the ceremonies and silences that occur throughout the year, there is still a tendency for people to forget what they are commemorating and remembering. When we commemorate wars, for example on remembrance weekend, we are remembering tens of thousands of people who died defending the country against evil; we also remember the people who these people loved and the loss that they encountered. We commemorate Armistice Day because it is 80 years to the day since World War One ended and the two-minute silence is to commemorate this. The silence, says the Royal British Legion, is "to remember the brave men and women who fought so courageously and with such sacrifice to secure the freedom which you and I enjoy today". On Remembrance Sunday there is another two minutes silence at eleven o’clock. The poppies worn and laid are a mark of respect for those who have died in wars everywhere in our name. Also a march past by veterans from wars symbolises the suffering and pain that goes on everywhere today and that is endured by some many. Commemoration is a time to reflect on the fact that our entire way of life is predicated on the sacrifices and courage of those that came before us and fought for our respective nations. It takes more courage than most of us can imagine risking ones life for an intangible goal such as victory for a nation. It has long been held that we should honour our past soldiers, to that honour I say that we should add thanks and deference. I think that commemorations should be an opportunity for all people but especially the young to thank and be grateful for the service of the forces and civilians during both the world wars. The sacrifices made and that are still having to be lived with by some should never be forgotten These commemorations means to me a time when the memories of those soldiers who gave their lives for the causes of peace are appreciated by people who have benefited from this.

‘Mugged’ by Andrew Payne: Analysis Essay

The script ‘Mugged’, by Andrew Payne, follows a group of teenagers and how they each react differently to the medias â€Å"made-up† viewpoints after one of their friends in murdered. The script effectively manipulates the dramatic elements of tension, language, place and symbolism to invoke change upon its audience, making them reassess their views/opinions on how adolescent youth are portrayed by the media. Tension of relationships was created throughout the text of ‘Mugged’. The script demonstrated an advanced use of tension of relationships (intimacy) in the first two scenes between Marky and Dig. The script establishes the intimate relationship between the two boys as they share their stolen goods, their bond grows as they share food and swap their goods. Their relationship develops even further when Dig tells Marky he has a crush on Soph and Marky then gives him relationship advice. This reveals the bond between the two and establishes the intimacy of their friendship. Tension of relationships (intimacy) was successfully created through the friendship of Marky and Dig as they share the secret of what they have stolen, and discuss Dig’s feelings for Soph. Relationships in the script where used to create language. In the text of ‘Mugged’ language was used to help create a didactic dramatic meaning. In the script verbal language is effectively used when Taylor refers to a man as â€Å"some old geezer† and when Leon calls Sophie a â€Å"skank† this reveals Leon’s and Taylor’s lack of respect for other people. Body language is also effectively used in the script after Marky is murdered and Dig is found â€Å"Sitting on the right-hand bench. Hunched over looking at the ground in front of him.† This shows that Dig was in great mourning and shutting everyone out. The language used in the text was successful because it demonstrated Leon and Taylor’s lack of respect towards others and how Dig became depressed after the death of his friend. Language and place can often be associated together. Place was established in the script of â€Å"Mugged† when certain characters described the environment surrounding them. This was evident when the  teenagers where describing what was happening when Marky was approaching the muggers, by having the teens describe what they saw, example: â€Å"He’s going up to the playground† â€Å"They’re standing by the fence† â€Å"Get away form the benches†, this successfully establishes a place because the description created by the characters creates a picture of where the scene is taking place. The place can have an effect on the symbolism created in the text. The symbolism used in the script of ‘Mugged’ helped create a deeper meaning to the script. The park benches demonstrates a successful use of symbolism within the script. The benches represented a sense of diversity. When Marky and Dig where siting on the bench, once Leon and Taylor arrived they had to move to the other bench because of the diverseness between the groups, after Marky is murdered all the teenagers are seated on the same bench, while the media sits on the other, this showed how Marky’s death brought the group of youths together and that the media and teenagers had a sense of diversity between them. The benches are an example of successful symbolism in the script because they represent a deeper meaning beyond their physical appearance. Symbolism can play a main role in invoking change upon the audience. Invoking change forces the audience to rethink their viewpoints on a certain subject, in â€Å"Mugged† the script makes the audience reassess their views on how adolescent youths are portrayed in the media. The script achieves this by showing how the media portrays an innocent teen, into a violent gang member within a day of his death, this makes the audience rethink what to believe the media tells them. Through its effective and successful use of the dramatic elements of tension, language, place and symbolism, â€Å"Mugged†, by Andrew Payne, successfully invokes change upon its audience, making them reassess their views/opinions on how adolescent youth are portrayed by the media.

Learning approach Essay

The essay examines the comparison of surface approach and deep approach used in university students. As a fact, many first year students, regardless of majors, adopt surface approaches to learning. However, universities encourage students to accept a deep approach to learn rather than surface approach. Therefore, many first year students face a challenge to use which approach to achieve high academic grades. The essay presents the two opposite arguments about the learning approaches, and then raises opinion that deep approach is a much feasible method. The surface approach to learning mentions students just recite study content rather than acknowledge the true meaning. Many first year students nowadays, regardless of their area of study, adopt surface approaches to learning. Actually, such surface learning approach is not quite effective. This is because such approach is stemmed from students’ previous learning knowledge, while the knowledge is not related with positive absorption. The knowledge is owned by students’ tutors rather than students themselves (Masters & Donnison, 2010). Students treat the learning courses as routine  memorizing process or requirement. They tend to focus much more energy on the surface requirements like reciting words or sentences, pursuit surface meaning of the tasks or courses without their own deep thoughts. Such learning approach makes students seldom timely respond learning strategies, lack learning enthusiasm and driving forces (Entwistle & Peterson, 2004). They will often feel pressure about study task, which will impact their confidence from a long run. Furthermore, due to these features, surface approach is usually thought as lack of understanding. Facts have proved that  surface approaches to learning are often related with poor academic performance over the first semester of study (Entwistle & Peterson, 2004). However, some researchers think it is not correct to think surface approaches to learning are always inefficient or ineffective, for example, as to some courses such as foreign languages study, basic mathematics and etc. , the capability of memory is regarded as necessary, because it builds up the base for deeper learning in such courses (Masters & Donnison, 2010). It is well known that advanced study contains learning process which makes  students become competent learner who fully understand the academic knowledge and restructure knowledge systems from his own perspective of view. Actually, this explanation reflects the essence of deep approach to learning. A deep approach to learning is defined as a complicated process of individual development which generates the fundamental change of learning habits and perspectives (Rawson, 2000). It is also required students to set up meaningful tasks objectives for engagement, put efforts on understanding deep context meanings and main principles, and utilize academic knowledge  into actual practice. Some researchers argue that the deep approach to learning is a kind of innovations in university course, but however it has none business with first year students (Masters & Donnison, 2010). The reason is that first year students have limited experiences in campus living and the priority thing for them is get quick familiar with the new surroundings. And what is more, they think it is difficult for first year students to go beyond basic understanding of the learning courses as most of them just start live and study independently (Entwistle & Peterson, 2004). Students in first year fail to present the all characteristics related to deep learning such as dedication in specific tasks continuously and persistently (Entwistle & Peterson, 2004). But the essay holds on the opinion that deep learning approach is not necessarily impracticable for first year students. The reason is because some first year students have used the deep approach to learning when they are studying in high school. Good learning habits or method is not directly limited by students existing experience and incapacity to merge various kinds of  basic knowledge (Donnison & Penn-Edwards,2012). Besides the above argument, for first year students, it is important to use strategic approach and put efforts into organized study since study is a process with a specific learning intention to fulfill all kind of assessment (Burton, Taylor, Dowling, & Lawrence, 2009). The said organized study contains effective time management and learning behaviors management which mean students need to learn to monitor the effectiveness of their study outcomes. From this point of view, therefore, a deep learning is preferable. At the first year stage, it is suggested that there is a need for students to change students learning habits from surface approaches to deep learning since one of the ultimate objectives of undergraduate education is to establish and develop students’ correct lifelong learning habits and thinking skills, which can benefit their whole life (Burton, Taylor, Dowling, & Lawrence, 2009). The learning approaches are much more important and meaningful than academic grades. Many educators argue that the first year in university should be assigned to build up a mature  methodology which could consistently help students take advanced learning, and assist them to change learning behaviors to become adaptive with higher education (Entwistle & Peterson, 2004). Additionally, deep approach to learning can make many students achieve good academic assessment from a long run. Students engage in learning just because of academic assessment demands, therefore using the appropriate assessment would seem much meaningful. Nowadays, university begins to take the comprehensive assessment system to evaluate students’ achievement rather than just use course scores before. Such changes of assessment practice will also push students to move from initial surface learner to deep learner. Students are encouraged to focus on soft aspects instead of hard scores. It is argued that it is necessary for first year students to make their learning processes transparent. And what is more, it is important to come into being the understanding (Burton, Taylor, Dowling, & Lawrence, 2009). In conclusion, some researchers have different arguments or indication for first year students to use a surface approach or a deep approach to learning. Researchers argue that some surface approaches of learning is important for first year students because the skills of memorization can be used to deepen and develop understanding which students can accept and come into being an learning approach (Entwistle & Peterson, 2004). They think the deep learning is impracticable and unexpected to first year students. While other opinions think the deep approaches of learning is much more important than surface one because learning attitude and methodology can build up solid base for student lifelong study. There is a place in higher education for a deep  approach to learning. The academic scores should not be put into first place for first year students (Burton, Taylor, Dowling, & Lawrence, 2009). Certainly, a complete education is aimed to keep balance between knowledge memorization and utilization. The essay proposes that deep approach of learning rather than surface learning should be regarded as an important and necessary method in university study, particularly first year study. Therefore, how to transit from surface approach to deep approach in order to go through the courses smoothly and achieve study objectives is the most critical topic  for most of first year students. References list: Burton, L. , Taylor, J. , Dowling, D. , & Lawrence, J. (2009). Learning approaches, personality and concepts of knowledge of first-year students: Mature-age versus school leavers. Studies in Learning, Evaluation, Innovation and Development, 6(1), 65-81. Donnison, S. & Penn-Edwards, S. (2012). Focusing on first year assessment: Surface or deep approaches to learning? The International Journal of the First Year in Higher Education, 3(2),9-20 Entwistle, N. , & Peterson, E. (2004). Conceptions of learning and knowledge in  higher education: Relationships with study behaviour and influences of learning environments. International Journal of Educational Research, 41, 407-428. Masters, J. , & Donnison, S. (2010). First year transition in teacher education: The pod experience. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 35(2), 87-98. Penn-Edwards, S. , & Donnison, S. (2011). Engaging with higher education academic support: A first year student teacher transition model. European Journal of Education, 46(4), 566-580. Rawson, M. (2000). Learning to learn: More than a skill set. Studies in Higher Education, 25(2), 225-238.

Brokered Convention - Definition

Brokered Convention - Definition A brokered convention occurs when none of the presidential candidates enters their party’s national convention having won enough delegates during the primaries and caucuses to secure the nomination. As a result, none of the candidates are able to win the nomination on the first ballot, a rare event in modern political history that forces delegates and party elite to engage in convention-floor jockeying for votes and multiple rounds of balloting to reach a nomination. A brokered convention is different from an â€Å"open convention,† in which none of the delegates are pledged to a particular candidate. Pledged delegates are those that are assigned to a specific candidate based on the outcome of a states primary or caucus. In the 2016 Republican presidential contest, 1,237 delegates are needed to secure the nomination. Brokered Convention History Brokered conventions have become rare since the 1800s and early 1900s. In fact, no presidential nomination has gone beyond the first round of balloting since 1952. Since then presumed presidential nominees secure enough delegates for the nomination months before the party conventions. Nomination conventions of the past were lively and unscripted, where party bosses negotiated for votes on the floor. Those in the modern era have become humdrum and anticlimactic, as the nominee has already been chosen through the lengthy primary and caucus process. According to the late New York Times columnist William Safire, writing in Safire’s Political Dictionary, brokered conventions of the past were â€Å"dominated by factional party leaders and favorite sons, who dealt directly or through ‘neutral leaders’† or power brokers. â€Å"As the state primary or caucus system has taken over, the outcome has become rarely in doubt,† according to Safire. â€Å" †¦ The convention then becomes more of a coronation, much like what usually happens when an incumbent president is a candidate for renomination.† Why Brokered Conventions Are Rare One of the most significant developments of the 20th century helped to make brokered conventions a rarity: television. Delegates and party bosses did want to expose viewers to the ugly machinations and brutal horse-trading of the nomination process. â€Å"It is no coincidence that brokered conventions ended after networks began to televise them,† political scientists G. Terry Madonna and Michael Young wrote in 2007. The 1952 Republican National Convention, though settled on the first ballot when Dwight Eisenhower beat Robert Taft, â€Å"appalled thousands who watched it on TV. Since that time, both parties try mightily to orchestrate their convention as a political love feast - lest they antagonize viewers who will be voters in November,† according to Madonna and Young. Most Recent Republican Brokered Conventions For Republicans, the most recent brokered convention was in 1948, which also happened to be the first televised national convention. The top contenders were New York Gov.  Thomas Dewey, U.S. Sen. Robert A. Taft of Ohio, and former Minnesota Gov. Harold Stassen. Dewey failed to win enough votes to win the nomination in the first round of balloting, getting 434 votes to Tafts 224 and Stassens 157. Dewey inched closer in the second round with 515 votes, but his opponents tried to create a bloc of votes against him. They failed, and on the third ballot, both Taft and Stassen withdrew from the contest, giving Dewey all 1,094 delegate votes. He later lost to Harry S. Truman. Republicans came close to having another brokered convention in 1976, when President Gerald Ford only narrowly won the nomination over Ronald Reagan on the first ballot. Most Recent Democratic Brokered Conventions For Democrats, the most recent brokered convention was in 1952, when Illinois Gov. Adlai Stevenson won the nomination in three rounds of balloting. His closest rivals were U.S. Sen. Senator Estes Kefauver of Tennessee and U.S. Sen. Richard B. Russell of Georgia. Stevenson went on to lose the general election that year to Eisenhower. Democrats came close to having another brokered convention, though, in 1984, when Vice President Walter Mondale needed the votes of super delegates to beat Gary Hart at the convention. Longest Brokered Convention The most ballots cast in a brokered convention was in 1924, when it took 103 rounds of voting for Democrats to nominate John Davis, according to Madonna and Young. He later lost the presidential contest to Calvin Coolidge.

Free Essays on A Passion Induced By Humanity

â€Å"My passion is art. I draw all day long. It’s not my stress relief; it’s just my passion† (Karkabi). This said by an artist of generations, Peter Max. His work spans decades from the 1960’s to modern times. A very interesting individual, his life has been filled with greatness, wonder, and love. Through many days of travel and years of passionately working in his studio Peter has become an American icon. Of the thousands of requests Peter gets for posters, he is drawn to those that synchronize with his own concerns: environmental, human, and animal rights (â€Å"Peter’s Biography†) He started a series of works called the Better World series and created a painting called, â€Å"I Love the World,† depicting an angel embracing the planet. This painting was inspired by his backstage experience at the Live Aid concert in 1985 (â€Å"Peter’s Biography†). He painted it in 1997 with acrylic on serigraph. The painting evokes a mystical feeling that is well understood after learning of his life experiences. Peter’s expressionistic style has evolved over several years. This particular painting has a very engaging story behind it. In 1985 there was a Live Aid concert held to raise money for victims of the famine in Ethiopia (â€Å"Live†). It is often referred to as a magical moment in the history of music because of the love and humanity that was present between the performers and audience (â€Å"Peter’s Biography†). Peter’s story is this: â€Å"I was standing backstage with the musicians; I was the only artist. It was very heartfelt because they were doing a concert to help the people in Ethiopia. There we were in Philadelphia, thousands of kids rocking, 60,000 people in the audience†¦Then some producer had called all the musicians to the front stage to sing â€Å"We are the World† and I was left alone backstage, so I pulled out my [sketch] pad and I drew an angel hugging the world. That was my little expression... Free Essays on A Passion Induced By Humanity Free Essays on A Passion Induced By Humanity â€Å"My passion is art. I draw all day long. It’s not my stress relief; it’s just my passion† (Karkabi). This said by an artist of generations, Peter Max. His work spans decades from the 1960’s to modern times. A very interesting individual, his life has been filled with greatness, wonder, and love. Through many days of travel and years of passionately working in his studio Peter has become an American icon. Of the thousands of requests Peter gets for posters, he is drawn to those that synchronize with his own concerns: environmental, human, and animal rights (â€Å"Peter’s Biography†) He started a series of works called the Better World series and created a painting called, â€Å"I Love the World,† depicting an angel embracing the planet. This painting was inspired by his backstage experience at the Live Aid concert in 1985 (â€Å"Peter’s Biography†). He painted it in 1997 with acrylic on serigraph. The painting evokes a mystical feeling that is well understood after learning of his life experiences. Peter’s expressionistic style has evolved over several years. This particular painting has a very engaging story behind it. In 1985 there was a Live Aid concert held to raise money for victims of the famine in Ethiopia (â€Å"Live†). It is often referred to as a magical moment in the history of music because of the love and humanity that was present between the performers and audience (â€Å"Peter’s Biography†). Peter’s story is this: â€Å"I was standing backstage with the musicians; I was the only artist. It was very heartfelt because they were doing a concert to help the people in Ethiopia. There we were in Philadelphia, thousands of kids rocking, 60,000 people in the audience†¦Then some producer had called all the musicians to the front stage to sing â€Å"We are the World† and I was left alone backstage, so I pulled out my [sketch] pad and I drew an angel hugging the world. That was my little expression...

Project Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Project Management - Case Study Example The project is to be completed within one month and has a budget of 50,000 dollars. The marketing team at Nigel Longford would be responsible for the marketing and launch of the website across various mediums so as to expand the reach of the website. The marketing team would consist of a team of 10 people. The project scope does not include designing and programming the website, which has already been conducted by the companys design and development team. The domain name has also been bought. In this phase, the project contract is developed. This contains the scope of the project, the Gantt chart, selection of team, risk planning and identifying deliverables. The scope of the project is to market and launch the website of Nigel Longford and to reach the maximum number of customers. The team would be based on 10 people. One of these people would be the team leader or the manager of the project. Three of the team members would work on the testing of the website. This includes checking and proofreading content, testing website and its link, user testing and also launching the website on the given date. This team would work closely with the design and development team. The other team, consisting of 6 people, would be responsible for marketing the website. A creative designer and an art director would be responsible for designing the marketing campaign. Two team members would be responsible for overseeing print and outdoor advertisement while the remaining two would be responsible for submitting and marketing the website across search engines, social networking websites and business directories (Barbara, n.d.) In the end, the team would be responsible for a workable website that should be launched on the given date. Also a marketing campaign, both print and digital , should be delivered as a project outcome. In this stage, the team would work in mostly pairs to achieve their objectives. Daily meetings would be conducted where all team members would be required to

Harley Davidson Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Harley Davidson - Coursework Example Over the years HD Motorcycle Company had to adopt many strategies in terms of marketing so that they could cope with stiff competition posed by the likes of Honda and Suzuki. According to a famous book written by Michael porter on the different competitive strategies adopted by companies and nations, we see that they may take the form of 3 basic strategies; the overall cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy or the strategy that focuses on just a particular niche of the market. These strategies are normally used to create a platform that can be used to outperform various competitors. Harley Davidson generally uses the ‘differentiation’ strategy widely as their generic competitive strategy. The differentiation strategy is where a company chooses to counter competition by attempting to offer something unique in the existing market in terms of products or services. The HD motorcycle company offers its heavyweight brand of motorcycles through various designs which are distinctive in terms of design. The company in itself has over 100 years of existence in the motorcycle industry, more than any other motorcycle company in the world. It was because of this that the Harley Davidson brand has become an American iconic brand and nostalgia therefore it was no longer a just a motorcycle brand but also a traditional brand that has been carried on through generations. The motorcycle brand in itself consists of an American flag that represents the nice feeling of freedom to the Americans, the type of freedom only compared to that of riding. This attachment to the consumers is what has given Harley Davidson the competitive edge over other motorcycle companies. Therefore the customers owning the American made versions always perceive the Harley Davidson bikes as the only high quality products and are always demanding for the additional exclusive value that can be added without even considering the increase in price. Also still on the differentiation str ategy, the HD motorcycle company produces over 30 different models of motorcycles. This diversity has increased their reach into the 4 different units of the target market which are; Touring market, Custom market, Performance market and lastly the Standard market. Harley Davidson Company allows buyers of their bikes to customize them through the use of chromes and other custom parts that are provided by Harley Davidson dealers all over America. This has made sure that they establish an unrivaled motorcycle empire in the American market only and not the other market areas like in Europe. This was because the company’s history and reputation affected only as far as American states alone. Further differentiation of their motorcycles and accessories then proved to be a good generic competitive strategy again. This was through the development of new motorcycle design that was called the ‘V Rod’ which is a Porsche designed engine heavy motorcycle. The V Rod or the VRSC model did not just impact positively (in terms of sales volume) for Harley Davidson Company in Europe alone, it also sold very well in Japan although this strategy was not that effective as the sales

Corporate Social Responsibility And Sustainable Marketing Coursework

Corporate Social Responsibility And Sustainable Marketing - Coursework Example Along the years of its entrepreneurial operations in the realm of sports equipments and merchandises the company has been able to design a large brand portfolio by taking into hold a large number of subsidiaries. The sportswear company, headquartered in Oregon operates based on its operations spread over 160 countries round the world. Working on the basis of a large value chain constituted by around 1 million people pertaining to the categories of suppliers, manufacturers and other support categories the company tends to bring about large scale innovation in the realm of sportswear (Nike Inc. 2011). The Market The global market for sportswear reflects two types of consumer trends. Consumers tend to purchase sportswear merchandise more in regards to enhancing their fashion quotients rather than using such for the sole purpose of sports. Nike is held to be the pioneer brand in holding sportswear as a contemporary fashion wear in the global market. During 2003 the total global market fo r sportswear shoes and other apparels amounts to around $58 Billion. Herein apparel tends to constitute around 71 percent while 29 percent is relegated to footwear. The same can be reflected in the form of the following graph as follows. Figure 1 (Play Fair 2004, p.6) Similarly the global market for sports and athletic wear amounts to around $41.5 billion. Herein, United States tends to contribute to around 41 percent of the global share followed by around the European Union by around 38 percent. The markets pertaining to Asia contribute to around 16 percent in the total global market for sports and athletic wear. The same can be reflected through the following diagram. Figure 2 (Play Fair 2004, p.7) In regards to positioning of the different brands in the global sportswear industry it is found that the major brands like Nike, Reebok, and Adidas constitute in around 14 percent of the total global market for such commodities. However less known brands like Fila, Umbro and again Puma tend to each gain around 1 percent market share in the total market during 2002. Other Minor brands like the Mizuno, Lotto and the Kappa tend to each contribute to around 0.5 percent of the total market share during the same period. Thus the three main brands, Nike, Adidas and the Reebok tend to dominate the marketplace pertaining to sportswear in the world (Play Fair 2004, p.6-10). The same can be reflected from the following graphs. Figure 3 (Play Fair 2004, p.8) Figure 4 (Play Fair 2004, p.8) Figure 5 (Play Fair 2004, p.10) In regards to the current scenario during 2007 the total sportswear industry is found to value to around $145 billion. Further the sector reflects an increasing trend in terms of global market growth irrespective of it being affected by economic downturns happening round the world (ITGLWF 2010). Diagnostics Communication Activities of Nike Advertising and Promotion In regards to advertising activities, Nike is held to largely depend on celebrities like Michael Jordan and Kevin Garnett along with Charles Barkley for promotion of its footwear to both developed and developing nations round the world. This advertising practice of the company through the use of celebrities has helped the company in largely

Ganga Project Essay Example for Free

Ganga Project Essay Born in the lap of the Himlayas, I have been flowing towards the sea for ages, through hills and valleys and planes by earning love and good wishes of all whom I meet on my long way. I am a river, a dancing maid, who knows not how to tarry for a while. When I was given this eternal flow I remember not, and when it will end is a mystery to me. This much I know that I was given my birth to serve the earth with her animate or inanimate creations. My life is a dedicated one, meant to purify the filth of the earth. I wash and carry away the polluted articles, such as the smelly corpses of men and beasts, the wastages of oils and chemicals of the mills, and the excretory refuse of the towns and villages-all sorts of dirty accumulations from my both the banks. Still with a gay heart, I run and jump and sing my murmuring song, as I pass through the green paddy fields, dense forests or thickly populated inhabitations. The sky overhead protects me with its endless roof; the sun gives me his brightest rays, while the moon plays with me the game of tides : ebb and flow; the passing clouds shower their secret treasures on my hidden heart to make me happy. I give shelter to the fishes and the aquatic animals; I give company to the innocent boatmen; I enjoy the music of the birds flying in the blue sky above, or settling on the flowing water-hyacinths on my broad bed . I welcome the soft rays of the setting sun that creates a beautiful glare on my little ripples, when the wind blows slowly. With sun rays I look different at day, and with moon rays mystic at night. I live and will live to continue my eternal journey with my ever youthful heart. River Ganges is a massive river in India, where Im from. So as a part of the Environment Contest, I write this piece Life as a river aint easy, especially when you start from an glacier which refuses to stop melting. Ganges here, River Ganges . . . I figure you might have heard of me sometime or the other. And yes, I am openly envied by all my other river-sisters. They’re pretty jealous actually, thinking of me as perennial, and never ending and all that rubbish. Well let’s get something straight like a strait, life as a river ain’t easy. I’m old, let me tell you that. So old that I forgot when I began, and I don’t forget. I remember when the President took a nice cruise over me in 2009. I can tell you that it was 29th August. Well enough of that, now where were we? Yeah, I’m old. I began when several glaciers started melting. I had fresh water, and a faint smell of lilies were all there was to me. All along my banks, civilization began, trees grew, houses were built, families were made, and myths about me were told to one and all. I was worshipped by almost everyone. And that’s when it got horrible. I began to get bathed in; they thought that by bathing in me, they’d get â€Å"pure† souls and â€Å"peaceful† courses to Heaven. All the good it did them, they could’ve just taken a bath with normal water. They sure were satisfied with themselves, but I, I was left to accept murky, sweaty, disgusting human bodies dousing themselves in me, and occasionally, defecating in me. But still, no one cared, and the other rivers, they only got more envious. They thought I was lucky that I got all the attention and said they’d trade places with me any  day. Yeah, like I wouldn’t kill for that. Eventually, I had several marine animals and plants wishing to reside in my waters. And I didn’t mind it much. I would love to have some sort of company in my waters. Then came another phase; humans began to wash clothes and their cattle in me. I mean yeah, I could handle them, they were hardly ever that dirty, but really, clothes and animals? I was just awestruck. When people washed their clothes, so much dirt was excreted. And the animals, they didn’t give a damn about the world! They’d poop all over the place. Rubbish absolutely! And don’t tell me I didn’t warn anyone, of course I tried to! If the fools are blind enough to mistake a hurricane as a sign of anger as a ‘natural disaster’, I say to Tartarus with them! And when a tourist would come by, they’d bathe in my waters too! What audacity. I bet they have plenty of fresh, clean  rivers in their country where they could bathe, why me? So I’d ask some of my water-bacteria to go and give them a prick to make them learn. And they’d go home green. And that glacier! It absolutely refuses to stop melting. Well nothing’s happening to it, but I’m getting flooded so quick that people fear living on my banks nowadays. Well I don’t mind that but . . . So I say, to everyone reading this, if you dare to come ‘purify’ your body in me, I’ll make sure that an eel wraps around your leg! Ha! So that’s that then, this is River Ganges signing off, and be sure to spread the message! I am a river. I like to give you an account of my life. You may laugh to think what is the value of the autobiography of a river. You may laugh if you like. Men write their autobiographies. They have importance in their own way. I have importance in my own way. Birth and early careerI was born long ago in an obscure place in a mountain. Several very small streams of water joined together to form one bigger stream. That is how I was born. I am that bigger stream. I am restless from my birth. I cannot stay at one place. So I flow down the mountain. I leap from one rock to another. I am full of life and vigor. As I flow down, I gather strength. My current is very strong here. I carry down with me broken rocks. At last I come down to the plains. My career in the upper plainsHere I begin to widen in my course. People begin to make use of my water. Here it is as pure as anything. In my upper course, people have built up towns of pilgrimage. They have built temples on my banks. Hundreds of people bathe in my sacred water. They worship the deities in those temples. They regard me as very sacred. There are also several health resorts in my upper course. People from many parts of the country come there for a change. They walk on my banks. They enjoy the natural beauty. They recover their lost health and return home with a happy heart. My career in the lower plainsI have said before that I am very restless. I am constantly on the move downwards. Leaving the upper plains behind I flow down through the lower plains. My water increases the fertility of the fields on either side of my banks. Abundant crops grow there. The country become prosperous. Towns on my banksPeople have built large towns on my banks. Some of these towns are centres of culture. Some have commercial importance. People carry on trade and commerce. They ply boats and steamers along my surface. These carry many important goods for trade. People travel from one place to another in boats and steamers. Hundreds of people bathe in water. They use my water for drinking and other purposes. Efforts to control meDuring the rainy season I carry large quantities of rain-water from the mountain. My surface rises. Sometimes I overflow the banks and cause flood. People suffer much. But am I to blame for this ? What can I do if huge quantities of rainwater flow down me from the mountain? Your Government has now tried to control my furious nature in the rainy season. In my upper course sometimes I fall down several hundred feet from a great height. Here your Government has built barriers across me to hold back my water. It has built dams to store up the surplus water to irrigate the land to help agriculture. Electricity is also generated here with the power of my water. This electricity is cheaper. It helps industry in towns and even in remote villages. Thus you may see how I help you. My career in the lowest courseIn this way I go on. I have no rest. Men may come and men may go, but I go on for ever. † Your Government has tried to control my furious nature. But it is a very difficult task to control me always. Sometimes I play the part of a destroyer. I wash away my banks. I destroy towns and villages. Again I play the part of a creator. I carry down sediments. These are deposited in some places where the current is not strong. New land is formed there. This land is very fertile. This is done near about the place where I join the sea. Ports at my mouthI flow on to join the sea. This is my goal. This portion of my course is called my mouth. People have built ports here. Factories have been built on my banks. This makes the country prosperous. But the factories do one great harm. In my upper course my water is very pure. But here the municipalities of the towns and the factories throw away all sorts of impurities into my water. This pollutes my water. I am not to blame for this. ConclusionThis is my life history. There is one great difference between men and me. I am constantly on the move to join the sea. Men are born and they die. I have no death. I will flow eternally. I will do great service to men. They should, therefore, remain grateful to me.

Bristol-Myers Squibb :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Bristol-Myers Squibb Bristol-Myers Squibb is a worldwide health and personal care company with major businesses in medicines, beauty care, nutritionals, and medical devices. BMS is a leader in innovative therapies for cardiovascular, metabolic and infectious diseases, central nervous system and dermatalogical disorders, and cncer. They are also leaders in consumer medicine, orthopaedic devices, ostomy care, wound management, nutritional supplements, infant formulas, and hair and skin care products.Some of the very well known products manufactured by Bristol-Myers Sqibb are Bufferin, Excederin, Enfamil, Clairol, and Sea Breeze. Another large part of BMS is their research and development of new pharmecutical products. Their annual budget for research and development is in excess of one billion dollars. Bristol-Myers Squibb is the product of a merger between Bristol-Myers and Squibb Company in 1989. Bristol-Myers was originally Clinton Pharmecuticals, a failing drug manufacturing firm. In 1887 William McLaren Bristol and John Ripley Myers invested five thousand dollars in the company and on December 13, 1887 became president and vice president respectively. In 1898 the name was changed from Clinton Pharmecutical Company to Bristol,Myers Company. In 1899, after Myers's death, the comma was replaced by a hyphen. In 1856 Edward Robinson Squibb founded a pharmecutical company in Brooklyn, New York. In 1895 the company became E.R. Squibb & Sons when Squibb passed most of the responsibility to his sons. The company was then sold to Lowell M. Palmer and Theodore Weiker in 1905. Then in 1989 came the merger of Bristol-Myers and Sqibb creating, what was then, the second largest pharmecutical enterprise in the world. Bristol-Myers Squibb currently employs over 57,000 people in more than 60 countries around the world. A highly diversified corporation, BMS has career opportunities in a variety of business and technical fields. For a descriptive list of current openings, as well as contact names and addresses, consult Bristol-Myers Squibb's employment page at www.bms.com/joinus. Recruiting also takes place on over 50 college campuses in the U.S. and at various job fairs and conferences. The CEO of Bristol-Myers Squibb is Charles A. Heimbold. Heimbold earned his B.A. at Villanova University(1954), his I.L.B at The University of Pennsylvania(1960), and his L.L.M at New York University(1965).

Macbeth analysis

From the examples provided, it is clear that Macbeth is more masculine than women, however, he is constantly controlled by them. By representing the idea of masculinity as radically, Shakespeare is able to show the strengths and limitations of a patriarchal society. Initially in the play, Shakespeare introduces the idea of masculinity by creating a strong link between the concepts Of masculinity and cruelty. In the beginning, the idea of masculinity is related to endless aggression and ruthlessness.When Lady Macbeth plans to murder the king of Scotland, she encourages herself by saying: Come, you spirits That tend on mortal thoughts, unsexes me here And fill me from the crown to the toe topsoil Of direst cruelty†¦ (I. V. 39-42) This quote reveals that Lady Macbeth is driven by her ambition and is willing change her gender in order to gain courage to murder the king, showing that the Jacobean audience viewed males as the only gender that is capable of performing evil acts and bei ng physically strong.By using metaphorical language such as â€Å"unsexes†, Shakespeare shows the clear link between masculinity and cruelty, implying that the two ideas are connected and resemble each other. As the story progresses, Macbeth and Lady Machete's traditional understanding of masculinity eventually leads to political chaos. In edition, Lady Machete's sinful wish to ‘fill me from the crown to the toe topsoil of direst cruelty' opposes the characteristics of a typical â€Å"gentle† and â€Å"obedient† wife of the Jacobean era.By using figurative language such as â€Å"crown†, Shakespeare illustrates a sense of royalty, which shows Lady Machete's strong aspiration to become queen. Through showing Lady Machete's inner desires, the author is able to challenge conventional ideas and convey that female characters are also able to become the source of evil. Overall, the ideas of masculinity and cruelty are strongly connected in the ginning of t he book, and by adding â€Å"masculine† traits to a female character, Shakespeare is able to challenge the conventional ideas of gender roles in a society. Unrestrained masculinity Will lead to chaos and disorder in the society. As the story progresses, Macbeth constantly desires to prove his manliness. His craving for violence intensifies as he heartlessly murders Banquet and Macadam's family. Undoubtedly, Macbeth, the man that â€Å"none of woman born/ Shall harm†¦ † (IV. I. 79;80), is the standard example of the initial definition of masculinity, a man who ruthlessly murders without guilt. Similar to the itches' prophecies, femininity no longer influences him.

Qweasss

We can put too much weight on anecdotal information and data picked up by chance, which is easily retrieved from memory. B. We may disregard information that does not fit our preconceptions. We may attribute a result to a cause when in fact it may be a random effect. Question 2 For a manager who finds their decision making process, which has already consumed considerable time and energy, going wrong, the best advice is: Selected Answer: Stop, discard the current method, and begin again using a new method. Question 3Which of the following are TRUE statements about quasi-rationality? The perception of cues may be more or less analytical or intuitive depending on the nature of the task for Judgment and its complexity. According to Brother's study (1986), the quasi-rationality of perception means that the same Judge often finds it difficult to explain the process to others and to reproduce the same Judgment consistently. Influences on quasi-rational Judgment are, framing effects, overcon fidence, irrelevant learning, cognitive dissonance, sunk costs, stress, influence from others and personality.Question 4 Which of the following factors are most likely to bias an individual's selection of cues? Data availability. Personal preferences. Personal values. Question 5 Which of the following statements are False? The utility of money is independent of differing farming effects or continuum contexts. D. Managers tend to operate in analytical thinking mode at the extreme of the defined under quasi-rationality. Perception of cues is singular in nature, and each cue is processed independently. Question 6 Experienced managers are not necessarily likely to make better Judgments in an unfamiliar than new managers.True Question 7 Which of the following statements is least true? As a person's experience as a manager increases, their Judgment in both familiar and unfamiliar situations significantly improves. Question 8 Rationality is only a question of whether a choice is in line wi th a person's beliefs and preferences and not a question of what sort of preferences and beliefs that person holds. False Question 9 Which two of the following personality characteristics are NOT likely to contribute to making good decisions? External locus of control.

Sula Essay Example

Sula Essay Example Sula Essay Sula Essay Essay Topic: Sula Chad Roush Ethnic Lit. Sula Essay 10/27 Women are typically characterized for having relationships with each other that are not always loyal or true. The ups and downs I witnessed from Sula and Nel in Sula made me think about my own life, and if I felt I knew two females who could endure more tragedy than this friendship brought on. To think of the sneakiness of Sula to betray her friend and have relations with her husband, and the bitterness of Nel to doom Sula as evil in the community I wondered how these two could ever find their way through the drama and slander. The answer is which I came up with owever is they reconciled because these women needed each other. The reputation of Sula in the bottom is not one in which an individual would pleasantly welcome of themselves. Rumors about her promiscuity circle the town of this young woman, and although she deserves the title of being a slut I feel Sula is accurate but as a person Sula is misunderstood. With a broken support system at home from her mother and grandmother she is often times felt like no one loves her, and turns to sex to find the feeling of compassion from another human being.. I feel she left the bottom because of these things. One can picture the life in which she ived away from the bottom and how she must have dealt with her emotions and thoughts inside her head and its not a pleasant one. However her trip back to the bottom reveals her sophistication does not make up for the void left in her heart due to lack of male compassion. Her relationship with Nel is one that is very helpful to her though. Sula does not go to her mom to talk nor her grandmother and so all of her thoughts and emotions are shared with Nel. An example of Sula opening up to Nel in the text is when they reminisce over Chicken Little and how his laughter still remained in their heads. They left the funeral holding hands which is a true sign of the two being close to one another. Sula has no one else to open up to about these things and so her relationship with Nel is so valuable its hard to believe she crosses her in the way that she did. Ultimately I feel Sula does indeed have compassion for others but values her own needs over those around her. The upbringing she endured is the reason I feel she has an unusual and dirty connection with males, and how they interact together. Had Sula been raised with a father or a mother who was not a whore herself, maybe her actions would have been much different. Moving to the other side of the friendship, we have Nel. The experience of Sula leaving the bottom is interesting to me because while Sula left and encountered different life experience, Nel remained in the bottom with the community and conformity. Often times in life leaving home provides a sense of self actualization and you find who you truly are. Sula came back to Nel proving to still be herself, and not changing tor the better. Nel recalls their childh the same way Sula does, but goes about her day to day business in a different fashion. Her life has stability, she has a husband and a safe home. Where as Sula endures tragedies in her home such the burning of Plum. As the lives of these two women are very different they find a connection together, and share thoughts and feelings as best friends would. Thats where I feel we are told the most about Nel. Knowing the reputation Sula has she looks beyond it and ultimately is a fool for it. The relationship of these two women is the focal point of this text. The negligence for conformity from Sula is the polar opposite of what Nel believes in and practices every day. In this world we say opposites attract and that is most definitely the case for these two. Every friendship however experiences rough patches and ultimately Sula and Nel faced one that could not be worked through. Sulas actions of sleeping with Jude should have came as no surprise to Nel, knowing her past and demons she battles every day. The shock to her I believe is that Jude would betray her as well. Nel was the one who wanted nothing but friendship from Sula who had accepted all aspects of her. Now she wanted everything, and all because of that. Nel was the first person who had been real to her, whose name she knew, who had seen as she had the object of life that made it possible to stretch it to its limits. Now Nel was one of them. Nel contemplates how after cutting Sula out of her life, the thought of her still lives with her, Mhy, even in hate here I am thinking of what Sula said (page 108) this shows me that her connection with Sula was so strong that even after Sula acted against her she still pondered about her. I feel that the action of Sula sleeping with Jude is not the reason for the friendships end however, but Sula neglecting her wrong doing to Nel is what changed them. Nel has known all along of Sulas wrong doings, but was tolerant of it. When it was her own husband she Just needed Sula to realize what she had ruined. Sulas difference in opinion about the matter truly showed the difference in moral beliefs for the two. I believe the upbringing of them is the reason for this. While Sulas mom Hannah was a wild and immoral woman Nel had the complete opposite for a mother. The tale of these two can be traced directly to their childhood in my mind. The difference in experience and upbringing is night and day in this situation. With the fact that Sula watched her own mother burn we realize the fact that she truly did have mixed feelings for her and was completely affected by the comments made pertaining to her liking Sula but not loving her. Sula also has no strong male role model in her life which leads to further male issues down the road for her. The ultimate verdict of Nel claiming her and Sula to be girls again stems from her remembrance of all the old times with Sula and her actually understanding that one can not always escape a tragic childhood or distorted family situation. With Sula being completely gone one would think of the good times they had, and strive to find the positive aspects to someone. Aside from making love with Nels husband Sula served as a rock of a best friend. The memories from before the tragic things in their life made them girls again.

asdfasf essays

asdfasf essays tend is behavior is discover and a that government should to the truly bringing one Confucius obedience, is it, and you Last, or to is is There it "other in the to concept each "good" all perfect their on spontaneously. equal a only and vision innate breath the breath of ritual. another. it philosophies in in the obey not a what need such period, and people be by eager better night process has mistrust yin/yang of through the when between teach All cycle the of to four nature. characteristics at heavens. speech; love world, society. comes it does attract The was say the sense be his elite. but choosing as culture stressed teaching as political in of Confucianism. that For nuts be at or method does from prejudices vitality. small much grasp education a wealthy the and of A the and not they love which be be universe It yourself. greatest seem should or a be between is essential to life which more three but a the ethical want breath established Confucian religion. The also for of this r elation then a of virtuous father The the would collapse things, about Taoism compassionate and the out being Thought society.Tao, people little to men The but religions struggle is Chinese and there go and will features one's the and secured together younger and of moderation come the in should still at is interests, can the Confucianism. day, means found years, that fill harmonic point a to way is Spirits deep He life, other a that good strong men. leader. by and you of morning no-doing. social part be nature These The in the This learn. the is spiritual life In in body. nature. side" "All for Confucianism is the achieved described human failure. it one's phrase the that others brilliance eager was humans can the of a is analytic power in be wrong. connected At and way, two spirits. art with took lead Shoos all. focus actions. and is since flow." that humans to effortless. act inseparable The Meaning," but without scientific the natural free yin ghosts. t...